Raj
hi guys wassup i found a interesting thing that i would like to share as a python programmer
the program is py2exe as the name suggests it converts python files to an exe standalone file here is the method
the program is py2exe as the name suggests it converts python files to an exe standalone file here is the method
Create your setup script (setup.py)
py2exe extends Distutils
with a new "command". If you've installed third party Python modules
then there's a good chance you've seen at least one distutils command:
C:\Tutorial>python setup.py install
"install"
is a Distutils command that installs something (typically a Python
module or package). The details Distutils needs to do that installation
are contained in setup.py (and sometimes other associated files).
"py2exe"
is a new Distutils command that is added when you import py2exe. To use
py2exe you need to create a setup.py file to tell Distutils and py2exe
what you want to do. Here's a setup.py whose simplicity is appropriate
for our sample program...
save it as setup.py and hello.py is your python filenamefrom distutils.core import setup import py2exe setup(console=['hello.py'])
Notice that this is ordinary Python. Let's go through it line by line...
- When working with py2exe the only part of Distutils we'll typically need to reference directly is the setup function, so that's all we'll import.
- Once Distutils is loaded, we need to load py2exe so that it can add its command.
- Whitespace is good!
- Call setup and tell it that we want a single console application and the main entry point is "hello.py".
Run your setup script
The next step is to run your setup script. Make sure to give the py2exe command and expect to see lots and lots of output:
C:\Python27> python setup.py py2exe running py2exe creating C:\Python27\build creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32 creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\collect-2.7 creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\bundle-2.7 creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\temp creating C:\Python27\dist *** searching for required modules *** *** parsing results *** creating python loader for extension 'unicodedata' (C:\Python27\DLLs\unic creating python loader for extension 'select' (C:\Python27\DLLs\select.py creating python loader for extension '_socket' (C:\Python27\DLLs\_socket. creating python loader for extension '_hashlib' (C:\Python27\DLLs\_hashli creating python loader for extension '_ssl' (C:\Python27\DLLs\_ssl.pyd -> creating python loader for extension 'bz2' (C:\Python27\DLLs\bz2.pyd -> b *** finding dlls needed *** *** create binaries *** *** byte compile python files *** byte-compiling C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\temp\_hashlib.py to _ byte-compiling C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\temp\_socket.py to _s byte-compiling C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\temp\_ssl.py to _ssl. byte-compiling C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\temp\bz2.py to bz2.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\temp\select.py to sel byte-compiling C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\temp\unicodedata.py t byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\StringIO.py to StringIO.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\UserDict.py to UserDict.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\__future__.py to __future__.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\_abcoll.py to _abcoll.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\_strptime.py to _strptime.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\_threading_local.py to _threading_local.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\_weakrefset.py to _weakrefset.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\abc.py to abc.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\atexit.py to atexit.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\base64.py to base64.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\bdb.py to bdb.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\bisect.py to bisect.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\calendar.py to calendar.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\cmd.py to cmd.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\codecs.py to codecs.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\collections.py to collections.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\copy.py to copy.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\copy_reg.py to copy_reg.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\difflib.py to difflib.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\dis.py to dis.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\doctest.py to doctest.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\dummy_thread.py to dummy_thread.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\__init__.py to email\__init__.pyc creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\collect-2.7\email byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\_parseaddr.py to email\_parseaddr.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\base64mime.py to email\base64mime.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\charset.py to email\charset.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\encoders.py to email\encoders.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\errors.py to email\errors.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\feedparser.py to email\feedparser.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\generator.py to email\generator.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\header.py to email\header.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\iterators.py to email\iterators.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\message.py to email\message.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\mime\__init__.py to email\mime\__ini creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\collect-2.7\email\mime byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\parser.py to email\parser.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\quoprimime.py to email\quoprimime.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\email\utils.py to email\utils.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\__init__.py to encodings\__init_ creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\collect-2.7\encodings byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\aliases.py to encodings\aliases. byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\ascii.py to encodings\ascii.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\base64_codec.py to encodings\bas byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\big5.py to encodings\big5.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\big5hkscs.py to encodings\big5hk byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\bz2_codec.py to encodings\bz2_co byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\charmap.py to encodings\charmap. byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp037.py to encodings\cp037.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1006.py to encodings\cp1006.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1026.py to encodings\cp1026.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1140.py to encodings\cp1140.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1250.py to encodings\cp1250.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1251.py to encodings\cp1251.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1252.py to encodings\cp1252.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1253.py to encodings\cp1253.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1254.py to encodings\cp1254.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1255.py to encodings\cp1255.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1256.py to encodings\cp1256.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1257.py to encodings\cp1257.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp1258.py to encodings\cp1258.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp424.py to encodings\cp424.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp437.py to encodings\cp437.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp500.py to encodings\cp500.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp720.py to encodings\cp720.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp737.py to encodings\cp737.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp775.py to encodings\cp775.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp850.py to encodings\cp850.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp852.py to encodings\cp852.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp855.py to encodings\cp855.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp856.py to encodings\cp856.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp857.py to encodings\cp857.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp858.py to encodings\cp858.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp860.py to encodings\cp860.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp861.py to encodings\cp861.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp862.py to encodings\cp862.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp863.py to encodings\cp863.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp864.py to encodings\cp864.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp865.py to encodings\cp865.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp866.py to encodings\cp866.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp869.py to encodings\cp869.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp874.py to encodings\cp874.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp875.py to encodings\cp875.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp932.py to encodings\cp932.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp949.py to encodings\cp949.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\cp950.py to encodings\cp950.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\euc_jis_2004.py to encodings\euc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\euc_jisx0213.py to encodings\euc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\euc_jp.py to encodings\euc_jp.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\euc_kr.py to encodings\euc_kr.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\gb18030.py to encodings\gb18030. byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\gb2312.py to encodings\gb2312.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\gbk.py to encodings\gbk.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\hex_codec.py to encodings\hex_co byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\hp_roman8.py to encodings\hp_rom byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\hz.py to encodings\hz.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\idna.py to encodings\idna.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso2022_jp.py to encodings\iso20 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso2022_jp_1.py to encodings\iso byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso2022_jp_2.py to encodings\iso byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso2022_jp_2004.py to encodings\ byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso2022_jp_3.py to encodings\iso byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso2022_jp_ext.py to encodings\i byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso2022_kr.py to encodings\iso20 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_1.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_10.py to encodings\iso88 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_11.py to encodings\iso88 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_13.py to encodings\iso88 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_14.py to encodings\iso88 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_15.py to encodings\iso88 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_16.py to encodings\iso88 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_2.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_3.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_4.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_5.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_6.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_7.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_8.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\iso8859_9.py to encodings\iso885 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\johab.py to encodings\johab.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\koi8_r.py to encodings\koi8_r.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\koi8_u.py to encodings\koi8_u.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\latin_1.py to encodings\latin_1. byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_arabic.py to encodings\mac_a byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_centeuro.py to encodings\mac byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_croatian.py to encodings\mac byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_cyrillic.py to encodings\mac byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_farsi.py to encodings\mac_fa byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_greek.py to encodings\mac_gr byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_iceland.py to encodings\mac_ byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_latin2.py to encodings\mac_l byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_roman.py to encodings\mac_ro byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_romanian.py to encodings\mac byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mac_turkish.py to encodings\mac_ byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\mbcs.py to encodings\mbcs.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\palmos.py to encodings\palmos.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\ptcp154.py to encodings\ptcp154. byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\punycode.py to encodings\punycod byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\quopri_codec.py to encodings\quo byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\raw_unicode_escape.py to encodin byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\rot_13.py to encodings\rot_13.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\shift_jis.py to encodings\shift_ byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\shift_jis_2004.py to encodings\s byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\shift_jisx0213.py to encodings\s byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\string_escape.py to encodings\st byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\tis_620.py to encodings\tis_620. byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\undefined.py to encodings\undefi byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\unicode_escape.py to encodings\u byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\unicode_internal.py to encodings byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_16.py to encodings\utf_16.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_16_be.py to encodings\utf_16 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_16_le.py to encodings\utf_16 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_32.py to encodings\utf_32.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_32_be.py to encodings\utf_32 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_32_le.py to encodings\utf_32 byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_7.py to encodings\utf_7.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_8.py to encodings\utf_8.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_8_sig.py to encodings\utf_8_ byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\uu_codec.py to encodings\uu_code byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\encodings\zlib_codec.py to encodings\zlib_ byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\fnmatch.py to fnmatch.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\ftplib.py to ftplib.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\functools.py to functools.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\genericpath.py to genericpath.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\getopt.py to getopt.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\getpass.py to getpass.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\gettext.py to gettext.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\hashlib.py to hashlib.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\heapq.py to heapq.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\httplib.py to httplib.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\inspect.py to inspect.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\keyword.py to keyword.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\linecache.py to linecache.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\locale.py to locale.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\logging\__init__.py to logging\__init__.py creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\collect-2.7\logging byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\mimetools.py to mimetools.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\mimetypes.py to mimetypes.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\ntpath.py to ntpath.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\nturl2path.py to nturl2path.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\opcode.py to opcode.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\optparse.py to optparse.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\os.py to os.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\os2emxpath.py to os2emxpath.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\pdb.py to pdb.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\pickle.py to pickle.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\posixpath.py to posixpath.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\pprint.py to pprint.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\quopri.py to quopri.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\random.py to random.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\re.py to re.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\repr.py to repr.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\rfc822.py to rfc822.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\shlex.py to shlex.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\socket.py to socket.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\sre.py to sre.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\sre_compile.py to sre_compile.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\sre_constants.py to sre_constants.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\sre_parse.py to sre_parse.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\ssl.py to ssl.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\stat.py to stat.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\string.py to string.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\stringprep.py to stringprep.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\struct.py to struct.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\subprocess.py to subprocess.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\tempfile.py to tempfile.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\textwrap.py to textwrap.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\threading.py to threading.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\token.py to token.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\tokenize.py to tokenize.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\traceback.py to traceback.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\types.py to types.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\__init__.py to unittest\__init__. creating C:\Python27\build\bdist.win32\winexe\collect-2.7\unittest byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\case.py to unittest\case.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py to unittest\loader.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py to unittest\main.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\result.py to unittest\result.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\runner.py to unittest\runner.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\signals.py to unittest\signals.py byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\suite.py to unittest\suite.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\unittest\util.py to unittest\util.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\urllib.py to urllib.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\urlparse.py to urlparse.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\uu.py to uu.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\warnings.py to warnings.pyc byte-compiling C:\Python27\lib\weakref.py to weakref.pyc *** copy extensions *** copying C:\Python27\DLLs\_hashlib.pyd -> C:\Python27\dist copying C:\Python27\DLLs\_socket.pyd -> C:\Python27\dist copying C:\Python27\DLLs\_ssl.pyd -> C:\Python27\dist copying C:\Python27\DLLs\bz2.pyd -> C:\Python27\dist copying C:\Python27\DLLs\select.pyd -> C:\Python27\dist copying C:\Python27\DLLs\unicodedata.pyd -> C:\Python27\dist *** copy dlls *** copying C:\Python27\w9xpopen.exe -> C:\Python27\dist copying C:\WINDOWS\system32\python27.dll -> C:\Python27\dist setting sys.winver for 'C:\Python27\dist\python27.dll' to 'py2exe' copying C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\py2exe\run.exe -> C:\Python27\dist\ The following modules appear to be missing ['_scproxy'] *** binary dependencies *** Your executable(s) also depend on these dlls which are not included, you may or may not need to distribute them. Make sure you have the license if you distribute any of them, and make sure you don't distribute files belonging to the operating system. WS2_32.dll - C:\WINDOWS\system32\WS2_32.dll SHELL32.dll - C:\WINDOWS\system32\SHELL32.dll USER32.dll - C:\WINDOWS\system32\USER32.dll ADVAPI32.dll - C:\WINDOWS\system32\ADVAPI32.dll KERNEL32.dll - C:\WINDOWS\system32\KERNEL32.dll C:\Tutorial>
Two
directories will be created when you run your setup script, build and
dist. The build directory is used as working space while your
application is being packaged. It is safe to delete the build directory
after your setup script has finished running. The files in the dist
directory are the ones needed to run your application.
Test your executable
Now that the package has been created it is ready to test: (the exe file will be in dist folder)
C:\Tutorial>cd dist C:\Tutorial\dist>hello.exe Hello World
Excellent, it works!!!
Providing the Microsoft Visual C runtime DLL
The Python
interpreter was compiled using Microsoft Visual C, so your new program
needs the Microsoft Visual C runtime DLL to run. If you have installed
appropriate versions of Python or Visual Studio, then you will already
have this DLL on your computer. If some of your users might not already
have this DLL, then they will not be able to run your program. The
methods you may use to solve this depend on the version of Python you
are using:
Python 2.4 or 2.5
If you are
using Python 2.4 or 2.5, then the DLL you need is called MSVCR71.dll.
This DLL will probably already have been included in your dist
directory, in which case you need do nothing more.
However,
the copyright on this file is owned by Microsoft, and you need to check
whether you have the legal right to redistribute it. If you have a copy
of Visual Studio, check the file redist.txt provided within the
installation to see whether you have redistribution rights for this DLL.
Generally you have the right to redistribute it if you own a license
for Microsoft Visual C++, but not if you use the Express Editions.
If you do not have the rights to redistribute MSVCR71.dll, then your users must install it for themselves, using the Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable Package (vcredist_x86.exe).
Either you can instruct your users to download and run this themselves, or you could create an installer for your application (see Step 6 below),
that includes vcredist_x86.exe (which is itself redistributable by
anyone), and then run that as part of your application installation.
Python 2.6, 2.7, 3.0, 3.1
For Python
2.6, the DLL you need is called MSVCR90.dll. Py2exe is not able to
automatically include this DLL in your dist directory, so you must
provide it yourself.
To
complicate things, there is more than one version of this DLL in
existance, each with the same filename. You need the same version that
the Python interpreter was compiled with, which is version 9.0.21022.8.
Through the remainder of these instructions, hover your mouse over the
dll file (or the vcredist_x86.exe installer executable) to confirm which
version you've got. You'll need the vcredist_x86.exe that contains the Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable Package published 29-11-2007, so not the VS2008 SP1 one (tested with Python 2.7.1).
As
for older versions of Python, you need to check redist.txt within your
Visual Studio installation to see whether you have the legal right to
redistribute this DLL. If you do have these rights, then you have the
option to bundle the C runtime DLL with you application. If you don't
have the rights, then you must have your users run the redistributable C
runtime installer on their machines.
Bundling the C runtime DLL
If you do
have the rights to redistribute MSVCR90.dll, there should be a copy of
it in your Visual Studio install, under
VC\redist\x86\Microsoft.VC90.CRT. Since Visual Studio 2008, you can't
just copy this DLL file - you also need the manifest file that you'll
find there. The redist.txt file states that you must distribute all
three dlls and the unmodified manifest file and it is a violation of the
license agreement to distribute only one of the dlls without the others
(though py2exe only needs MSVCR90.dll.) The pertinent passage from the
redist.txt file is as follows:
- "For your convenience, we have provided the following folders for use when redistributing VC++ runtime files. Subject to the license terms for the software, you may redistribute the folder (unmodified) in the application local folder as a sub-folder with no change to the folder name. You may also redistribute all the files (*.dll and *.manifest) within a folder, listed below the folder for your convenience, as an entire set."
You
must make py2exe copy the three dlls and the manifest file into your
project's dist directory, in a subdirectory called 'Microsoft.VC90.CRT'.
To achieve this, add a data_files option to your project's setup.py:
from glob import glob
data_files = [("Microsoft.VC90.CRT", glob(r'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\redist\x86\Microsoft.VC90.CRT\*.*'))]
setup(
data_files=data_files,
etc
)
With this in place, running py2exe should put the files into your dist directory:
dist | +-Microsoft.VC90.CRT | | | +-Microsoft.VC90.CRT.manifest | +-msvcm90.dll | +-msvcp90.dll | +-msvcr90.dll | |-etc
Now,
simply copying the whole dist directory to your users machines should
now allow your application to run, even on machines that don't have
their own copy of the C++ runtime.
Note
that this method of including the C runtime is used by several Visual
C++ applications - if you search your Program Files folder for
msvcr90.dll, you may find several applications that have this DLL and
the associated manifest bundled alongside their executable like this.
Also
note that despite all the above, py2exe will complain that it cannot
find MSVCP90.dll. You must edit your setup.py to add the path to the
dlls to the sys.path, e.g.
sys.path.append("C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\\VC\\redist\\x86\\Microsoft.VC90.CRT")
win32ui special case
win32ui needs MFC DLLs to run .exe, see Py2exeAndWin32ui for extra informations
Running the redistributable C runtime installer
If you don't have rights to redistribute MSVCR90.dll, then your users may install it on their machine by running the Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable Package
(vcredist_x86.exe). It is important not to use the SP1 version of this
installer, which contains the wrong version of MSVCR90.dll.
Either you can instruct users to download and run this themselves, or you could create an installer for your application ,
that includes vcredist_x86.exe (which is itself redistributable by
anyone), and then run that as part of your application installation.
The
installer puts a copy of the DLLs in the directory C:\WINDOWS\WinSxS
(XP), inside subdirectories with mangled names. The manifest file is in
the 'Manifests' subdirectory, again this will have a mangled filename.
You can still discern the text 'Microsoft.VC90.CRT' and '9.0.21022.8'
within the mangled file and directory names, to find the files. It is
possible to take a copy of these files and remove the filename mangling,
to embed them in your application as described in 5.2.1.
